分类 服务器 下的文章

前言

写程序的时候,难免需要用到自动任务,例如:超时订单自动取消。
刚开始我用crontab来实现,但发现会出问题:

  • 权限问题:程序运行时,会生成日志文件,但crontab和web服务的运行用户不一样,导致日志文件的所有者不一致,导致权限问题,最终使程序无法正常运行
  • 稳定性:进程挂了后,不能自动重启,导致任务不能正常进行,造成一系列任务超时不更新问题。

最后找到了一个解决问题,就是使用Supervisor来运行任务,完美解决了以上问题,并且方便了任务管理。

以下内容都是参考官方教程来编写,并且在完善当中。

软件安装

这里提供两种安装方法,分别是使用 easy_install 安装和使用 yum 安装

使用 easy_install 安装

1.安装supervisor

easy_install supervisor

2.生成配置文件

echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf

3.生成supervisord.service服务文件

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Supervisor/initscripts/master/centos-systemd-etcs > /lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service

4.修改supervisord.service文件权限

chmod +x /lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service

使用 yum 安装

yum install supervisor

Centos8系统可以使用dnf包管理器来安装

dnf install supervisor

系统服务管理

启用服务

启用服务后,会跟随系统开机自启

systemctl enable supervisord

返回结果

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/supervisord.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service.

禁用服务

禁用服务后,不会跟随系统开机自启

systemctl disable supervisord

启动服务

也就是启动 supervisor

systemctl start supervisord

查看服务状态

也就是查看 supervisor 运行状态

systemctl status supervisord

停止服务

systemctl stop supervisord

重启服务

systemctl start supervisord

配置文件解释

/etc/supervisord.conf:

; supervisor 示例配置文件
;
; 有关配置文件的更多信息,请参阅:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; 提示:
;  - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported.  Environment
;    variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
;  - Quotes around values are not supported, except in the case of
;    the environment= options as shown below.
;  - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
;  - Command will be truncated if it looks like a config file comment, e.g.
;    "command=bash -c 'foo ; bar'" will truncate to "command=bash -c 'foo ".

[unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock   ; 套接字(socket)文件的路径
;chmod=0700                 ; 套接字(socket)文件的权限 (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup       ; 套接字(socket)文件的所有组和所有者
;username=user              ; 用户名,在终端管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有用户名)
;password=123               ; 密码,在终端管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有密码)

;[inet_http_server]         ; inet (TCP) 服务,用于通过web管理任务
;port=127.0.0.1:9001        ; 监听地址(IP地址:端口), *:port 表示监听所有IP
;username=user              ; 用户名,在web管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有用户名)
;password=123               ; 密码,在web管理Supervisor时使用(默认没有密码)

[supervisord]
logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; main log file; default $CWD/supervisord.log
logfile_maxbytes=50MB        ; max main logfile bytes b4 rotation; default 50MB
logfile_backups=10           ; # of main logfile backups; 0 means none, default 10
loglevel=info                ; 日志等级,默认为:info. 其它选项: debug,warn,trace
pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; supervisord pidfile; default supervisord.pid
nodaemon=false               ; start in foreground if true; default false
minfds=1024                  ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024
minprocs=200                 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200
;umask=022                   ; process file creation umask; default 022
;user=chrism                 ; default is current user, required if root
;identifier=supervisor       ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor'
;directory=/tmp              ; default is not to cd during start
;nocleanup=true              ; don't clean up tempfiles at start; default false
;childlogdir=/tmp            ; 'AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP
;environment=KEY="value"     ; key value pairs to add to environment
;strip_ansi=false            ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false

; The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for
; RPC (supervisorctl/web interface) to work.  Additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate [rpcinterface:x] sections.

[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface

; The supervisorctl section configures how supervisorctl will connect to
; supervisord.  configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server
; or inet_http_server section.

[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL  for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris              ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;password=123                ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;prompt=mysupervisor         ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history  ; use readline history if available

; The sample program section below shows all possible program subsection values.
; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.

;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat              ; 需要执行的命令(相对使用PATH,可以使用参数)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; 进程名称表达式(默认:%(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1                    ; 要启动的进程数(默认:1)
;directory=/tmp                ; 工作目录,执行命令前,转到该目录(默认:无)
;umask=022                     ; 进程权限掩码(默认:无)
;priority=999                  ; 优先级 (默认:999)
;autostart=true                ; 跟随supervisord自动启动 (默认:是)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected        ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism                   ; 设置命令运行用户
;redirect_stderr=true          ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path        ; 终端日志保存文件(执行命令一般都会有内容信息返回),默认值:AUTO,其它选项:NONE
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO                ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener
; subsection values.  Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be
; able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord.

;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener    ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT                  ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10                ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp                ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022                     ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1                   ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected        ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism                   ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false         ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path        ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO                ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample group section below shows all possible group values.  Create one
; or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups.

;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2  ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)

; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting.  This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines).  It can also contain wildcards.  The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file.  Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.

;[include]
;files = relative/directory/*.ini

Supervisor命令

1.重启任务

重启单个任务
supervisorctl restart 任务名
重启多个任务
supervisorctl restart 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...
重启群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl restart 群组名:*
重启所有任务
supervisorctl restart all

2.启动任务

启动单个任务
supervisorctl start 任务名
启动多个任务
supervisorctl start 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...
启动群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl start 群组名:*
启动所有任务
supervisorctl start all

3.任务状态

查看单个任务
supervisorctl status 任务名
查看多个任务
supervisorctl status 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...
查看群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl status 群组名:*
查看所有任务
supervisorctl status all

4.停止任务

停止单个任务
supervisorctl stop 任务名
停止多个任务
supervisorctl stop 任务名1 任务名2 任务名3 任务名...
停止群组内的所有任务
supervisorctl stop 群组名:*
停止所有任务
supervisorctl stop all

5.重新加载配置

重新加载配置文件并重启所有任务
supervisorctl reload
重新加载配置文件并重启配置有变动的任务(适合只更新单个任务的配置,但又不想重启所有任务的情况)
supervisorctl reread
supervisorctl update

6.查看終端日志

查看任务的实时执行情况(相当于直接在终端中执行,可以查看到实时的终端信息输出)
supervisorctl tail -f 任务名
查看最后100字节日志
supervisorctl tail -100 任务名
查看最后1600字节错误日志
supervisorctl tail 任务名 stderr
以前台模式连接到进程
supervisorctl fg 任务名